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A Sampler of Civil
War Literature |
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Patriotism
Harper's Weekly, March 2, 1861 |
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| "Patriotism," says
the Dictionary, "is love of country." "Patriotism," said Dr. Johnson,
the Tory, "is the last refuge of a scoundrel." "A man devoid of
patriotism," say a leading philosopher, "is capable of the greatest
crimes." Sings Walter Scott:"Lives there a man with soul so dead,
Who never to himself hath said,
This is my own, my native land?"
This subject of patriotism is in a fair way of being more
thoroughly ventilated than it ever was before. Every body appears to admit that patriotism
is a virtue, and that a man should love his country. But the question arises at every
cornerWhat is our country? Smith, in South Carolina, says that the United States is
his country, and that he loves the Stars and Stripes; for which expression of opinion he
is instantly exiled from the State under pain of prosecution for treason. On the other
hand, Jones, born in Georgia, but in the service of the United States, declares that the
secession of Georgia requires him to resign his commission, and to proceed forthwith to
Milledgeville to prepare for war against the United States; for which proceeding he is
denounced at the North as devoid of patriotism, and by man as an absolute traitor. Jones
protests that he is the purest kind of patriot, and that he will lay down his life for
Georgia. The question seems to beHow much country must a man love to be a genuine
patriot?
Smith saysYou must love your whole country as
represented by and included under the national flag. Jones saysNo, it suffices to
love your own State. Upon this Robinson starts up and says that, in his opinion, it is
sufficient to love your own county. Brown is of opinion that he fulfills his duty by
loving his town. And Thomson fiercely claims the title of patriot because he loves his
native farm.
It is pretty clear that Thomson, at all events, is wrong.
His patriotism is mere selfishness, and has no merit at all of a public nature. It is also
clear that Smith is rightthough it may be pretended by Jones and the others that he
demands too muchwhen he claims the title of patriot for loving his whole country.
The question isCan a line be drawn between them? If a man is no patriot for merely
loving his farm, is he a patriot for loving his town and neglecting the rest of his
county? Is he a patriot if he loves his county, and despises the rest of his State? Can he
claim the title of patriot if he loves his State only, and confesses no obligation to the
rest of the Confederacy? These are questions which will engage some attention in the
course of the pending revolution.
About thirteen years ago the people of Italy were
unanimous in favor of national independence, and the overthrow of the Austrian power.
Every Italian wanted the same thing. In those days Charles Albert, King of Piedmont, the
only Italian Potentate who had both an Italian soul and an Italian army, said to the
people of the peninsula: "Join me, and we shall free Italy." There were people
throughout Italy who were for responding heartily, Yes. But when it came to the
fighting-point, the Venetians said they were Venetians, the Tuscans said they were
Tuscans, the Parmese said they were Parmese, the Romans said they were Romans, the
Neapolitans said they were Neapolitans, the Sicilians said they were Sicilians: and lo!
there were no Italians in all Italy. So Charles Alberts appeal failed, Austria
triumphed, and for thirteen years more Italy groveled in chains. It would seem that the
eventwhich is in every ones memorysheds some light on the law of
patriotism.
Harper's Weekly, March
2, 1861 |
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